1. Chii chinonzi simbi furo uye aluminium furo
Mukufamba kwenhoroondo, kuwanikwa kwesimbi yakapupuma kunoita chiitiko chakakosha mukushandurwa kwendima yese yeinjiniya yemidziyo. Metal foam chinhu chinoumbwa nesimbi chimiro chine nhamba yakakura ye pores uye izere negasi pamwe chete nechimiro [2]. Mapores emafuro esimbi aya anogona kubatanidzwa kana kuvharwa, uye anonzi akavhurika-sero furo uye akavharika-sero foam, zvichiteerana, sezvakaratidzwa muMufananidzo 2 (a) (b) [3]. Pakati pazvo, iyo aluminium foamed material parizvino ndiyo inonyanya kuvimbisa furo simbi, nekuda kwekukwirira kwayo, kuderera kwehuremu, huremu huremu, simba repamusoro, kusimba kwakanaka, kunyura kwakasimba, kuita kwakanaka kwekurira, uye kuita kwakanaka kwemagetsi ekudzivirira. Kuita kwakanakisa, saka kunozivikanwa se "simbi nyeredzi" [4], inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mune dzimwe nzira dzekugadzirisa muminda yeaerospace engineering, kugadzira uye nesainzi yemuviri.
Mufananidzo 2. Maitiro ekugadzirwa kwealuminium foamed: (a) Open-cell aluminium foam; (B) Yakavharwa-sero aruminiyamu furo [3]
2. Kuwanikwa kwealuminium yakapupuma furo
Munhau yose, zvinhu zvakadai sebhonzo, huni, uye pumice zvave zvichishandiswa zvakafara kwenguva refu. Vatsvakurudzi vakawanda vanofanotaura kuti kushandiswa kwezvinhu izvi kwakakurudzira kugadzirwa kwezvinhu zvakagadzirwa nevanhu zvakadai sesimbi furo. Kunyangwe matekinoroji mazhinji ekupupa ari kushandiswa parizvino akakurudzirwa kubva kuma1950s, zvidzidzo zvakaratidza kuti kuwanikwa kwealuminium yakapupuma kunogona kuteverwa kumashure muna 1926, apo Ma De Meller akatanga kutaura simbi inopupuma muFrench patent. Meller akambotaura kuti simbi inopupuma furo inogona kuwanikwa nekuunza gasi inert musimbi yakanyungudutswa, kana kushandisa chinopupa senge carbonate musimbi yakanyungudutswa. Kunyangwe iyi ingori patent yakavakirwa pane zano, inoisa hwaro hwematanho anotevera anodiwa mukugadzirwa kwealuminium furo. John C. Elliott akavandudza pfungwa iyi makore makumi maviri gare gare, achigadzira shanduro yakagadziridzwa yeMeller patent uye kuunza yekutanga inowanikwa aruminiyamu foam, iyo yakabatsirawo mukutengeserana kwezvinhu muJapan muma1990. Kusunungurwa kwakaisa nheyo [5].
3. Kuita uye kushandiswa kwealuminium foamed
Aluminium foamed isimbi ine yakakwira porosity uye porous chimiro, umo akavharwa pores anoverengera anenge matatu-makota ehuwandu hwehuwandu hwezvinhu zvesimbi, zvichiita kuti zvinhu zvive nyore kwazvo [7]. Pamusoro pezvimiro zviri pamusoro apa, aluminium foamed ine zvakare inoshamisa yekunyudza simba maitiro uye yakakwirira compressibility [7]. Nezve kuwanda, vaongorori vakawana kuti density yearuminiyamu yakapupuma samples ndeye 0.4-1.2 g·cm-3 [6]. Pamusoro pezvo, aruminiyamu yakafurwa nemhepo zvakare ine mutsindo kunyura, kudzokorodza uye kuderera kwekushisa conductivity [7].
Panyaya yekushandiswa, iyo electromagnetic shielding, huremu huremu uye absorptive zvimiro zvealuminium foam inoita kuti ive mumiriri akakodzera kune zvikamu zvinoshandiswa mukudzora nyukireya fusion zvishandiso, mota, aerospace uye maindasitiri ekuvaka nekuda kwekupokana kwayo kune yakanyanyisa nharaunda. Mune inodzoreka nyukireya fusion mudziyo, yakavharwa-sero aluminium foam ndeye yakanakisa electromagnetic kudzivirira zvinhu. Nekuda kwekubatana kwealuminium foam skeleton, ine hombe yakananga nzvimbo uye kugona kwakanaka kwekutora uye kuratidza mafungu emagetsi. Kurasikirwa kwakasiyana kunoitika, sekurasikirwa kwekunyura, kurasikirwa kwekuratidzira, nezvimwewo, zvekuti aluminium yakapupuma ine yakanakisa electromagnetic kudzivirira kuita. Zvakare, zvakaonekwawo kuti electromagnetic kudzivirira kushanda kwealuminium foamed yakaratidza maitiro ekutanga kudzikira uyezve kuwedzera nekuwedzera kwe electromagnetic wave frequency [3]. Muindasitiri yemuchadenga, aruminiyamu ine furo inoshandiswa kugadzira makoni emuchadenga kana zvikamu zveturbine. Nekuda kwekuderera kwemhando yealuminium foamed, inonyanya kubatsira pakudzikisa huremu hwese hwezvikamu zvendege [7]. Uye sechinhu chakanakisa chinotora simba, aruminiyamu ine furo inoshandiswa kugadzira mabhafa ezvitundumuseremusere, zvinonyudza zvinonyunguduka uye nepasi pekabhini rekudzokera rechitundumuseremusere, kuitira kuti chitundumuseremusere chikwanise kuwana kumhara kwakachengeteka uye kudzivirira kuchengetedzeka kwevanoongorora muchadenga nemidziyo yemuchadenga. Kuburikidza nekubata kwesimba kunoshanda uye kunyura kwekuvhunduka, aruminiyamu ine furo inokwanisa kuve nechokwadi chekuchengetedzwa kwevanoongorora muchadenga pasi pekumhara kwechitundumuseremusere, sezvakaratidzwa muMufananidzo 3 [8].
Mufananidzo 3. Yakanatsiridza chidimbu chimiro chebilge isingabatike[8]
1-yepamusoro ganda; 2-foam aluminium stringers; 3-yakaderera ganda
Muindasitiri yemotokari, aruminiyamu yakapupuma inobatsira kudzikisa huwandu hwese hwezvikamu zvinoshandiswa mufuremu, inoita kuti chirongwa chegungano chinyatsoshanda, uye pakupedzisira chinobatsira kuderedza mitengo nekuvandudza mashandiro [7]. Parizvino, foam aluminium inoshandiswa mu-anti-collision bars, matanda uye matanda egonhi mumotokari yemuviri miviri pamusika, sezvakaratidzwa mumufananidzo 4 [9-10].
Mufananidzo 4. (a) idhizaini yechikamu chesimba rinotora zvikamu zvemuviri wemotokari;
(B) Schematic dhizaini yefoam aluminium anti-collision bar
Muindasitiri yekuvaka, kushandiswa kukuru kwealuminium yakapupuma sechidziviriro, chinodzivirira moto kudzivirira ruzha rwakanyanya. Iyo yakajairwa kushandiswa kweyakavharwa-sero aluminium foam mukuvaka ndiyo Shanghai SOHO Fuxing Plaza. Mugadziri anoshandisa huwandu hukuru hwealuminium furo kutora uye kuvhara ruzha, sezvakaratidzwa muMufananidzo 6 [11].
Kuwanikwa kwealuminium foamed kunoonekwa sekubudirira kunoshamisa. Iyo yakafurwa nealuminium zvinhu inosanganisa yakanakisa electromagnetic kudzivirira kuita, huremu huremu, yakaderera density, kuvhunduka kunyura uye kuita kwesimba kunyura, saka ine kuita kwakanaka kwazvo mumaindasitiri akasiyana nhasi. Broad kushandiswa. Sezvineiwo, aluminium foamed zvakare chigadzirwa chine hushamwari chinogona kudzokororwa, zvinoreva kuti chinhu chakasimba uye chinotarisirwa kushandiswa muhuwandu mune ramangwana maindasitiri ekushandisa.
Nguva yekutumira: Nov-30-2021
