1. Chii chinonzi Foamed Metal uye Foamed Aluminium
Mukufamba kwenhoroondo, kuwanikwa kwesimbi dzine furo kunoita chiitiko chakakosha mukushandurwa kwendima yese yeinjiniya yemidziyo. Foam yesimbi chinhu chine simbi yesimbi ine nhamba huru yemapores anozadzwa nemagasi padivi pechimiro. Mapores eaya mafuro esimbi anogona kunge ari muchimiro chekubatanidza kana hermetic zvisimbiso, inozivikanwa seyakavhurika-sero uye yakavharwa-sero foams, zvichiteerana. Pakati pavo,aluminium foamParizvino ndiyo simbi yefuro ine mukana mukuru wekushandisa, uye inozivikanwa se "simbi nyeredzi" nekuda kwekuteedzana kwezvinhu zvakanakisa, senge yakakwira porosity, yakaderera density, huremu huremu, kusimba kukuru, kudzvanya kwakanaka, kubatwa kwakanaka, kunyura kwakanaka kweruzha, uye electromagnetic kudzivirira. "Metal star", yakashandiswa zvakanyanya muaerospace engineering, kugadzira uye dzimwe nzira dzekugadzirisa mumunda wesainzi yepanyama.

Mamiriro ezvinhu ealuminium foam: (a) Open-cell aluminium foam; (b) Yakavharwa-sero aluminium furo

2. Properties uye Zvishandiso zveAluminium Foam
Aluminium foam isimbi ine yakakwira porosity uye porous chimiro, umo mapores akavharidzirwa anoverengera anenge matatu muzvina ehuwandu hwehuwandu hwesimbi zvinhu, zvichiita kuti zvinhu zvive nyore. Pamusoro pezvivakwa izvi, aluminium furo ine inoshamisa simba rekunyudza zvivakwa uye yakakwirira compressibility. Nezve density, vaongorori vakawana kuti akawanda aruminiyamu furo samples ane density yakatenderedza 0.4-1.2 g-cm-3. Uye zvakare, furo realuminium rinobata-ruzha, rinoshandiswazve uye rine yakaderera thermal conductivity.

Yakavandudzwa inokanganisa-inodzivirira bilge chikamu chechimiro: 1 - ganda repamusoro; 2 -aluminiumfoam truss; 3 - ganda rezasi

Nezve maapplication, iyo electromagnetic shielding, lightweight uye absorptive zvimiro zvealuminium foam inoita kuti ive mukwikwidzi akakodzera kune zvikamu zvinoshandiswa mune inodzorwa fusion michina, mota, aerospace uye maindasitiri ekuvaka nekuda kwekugona kwayo kuramba nharaunda dzakanyanyisa. Mune inodzorwa fusion zvishandiso, yakavharwa sero aluminium foam ndeye yakanakisa electromagnetic kudzivirira zvinhu. Nekuda kwekubatana kwealuminium foam skeleton, iyo ine hombe yakananga nzvimbo uye kugona kwakanaka kutora uye kuratidza mafungu emagetsi emagetsi, kurasikirwa kwakasiyana-siyana, sekurasikirwa kwekunyura uye kurasikirwa kwekuratidzira, kunoitika mufuro realuminium, rinopa foam aluminium yakanakisa electromagnetic kudzivirira zvivakwa. Uye zvakare zvakaonekwa kuti mashandiro emagetsi ekudzivirira ealuminium foam ari kudzikira uye obva awedzera nekuwedzera kweiyo electromagnetic wave frequency. Muindasitiri yezvemuchadenga, furo realuminium rinoshandiswa sechikamu mukugadzirwa kwemakoni emuchadenga kana maturbines, ayo anonyanya kubatsira kudzikisa huremu hwese hwezvikamu zvendege nekuda kwekudzikira kwefuro realuminium. Uyezve, sechinhu chakanakisa chinotora simba, furo realuminium rinoshandiswa mukugadzira mabhafa emuchadenga, zvinonyudza zvinonyungudusa uye pasi pechitundumuseremusere chinodzosera makapisi, ayo anogonesa kumhara kwakachengeteka uye inodzivirira vanoongorora muchadenga nemidziyo yemuchadenga. Nekunyatso tora simba uye nekunyorovesa mavibrations, furo realuminium rinogona kuve nechokwadi chekuchengetedzwa kwevazivi vemuchadenga muchiitiko chekumhara kwe spacecraft.
Muindasitiri yemotokari, aluminium foam inobatsira kudzikisa huwandu hwese hwezvikamu zvinoshandiswa mufuremu, zvichiita kuti chirongwa chegungano chinyatsoita, izvo zvinozobatsira kudzikisira mitengo uye kugadzirisa mashandiro. Parizvino, aluminium foam inoshandiswa mumabhawa ekuparara, nhengo dzemuchinjikwa uye matanda emusuwo mune zvimiro zvemuviri wemotokari pamusika.

(a) Dhiagiramu yenzvimbo dzinotora simba-dzinotora zvikamu zvebasa remuviri. (b) Schematic diagiramu yealuminiumfurocrash bar.

Muindasitiri yekuvaka, kunyanya kushandiswa kwealuminium foamsechinhu chinodzivirira, chinodzivirira moto paruzha rukuru. Mienzaniso yemhando yekuvaka kweyakavharwa-sero aluminium foam ndiyo London Underground chiteshi uye SOHO Revival Square muShanghai, uko vagadziri vakashandisa huwandu hukuru hwealuminium furo kunyura uye kuvharira.

(a) (b) Mifananidzo yealuminium furo inoshandiswa mukati meSOHO Plaza, Shanghai; (c) Aluminium furo + simbi mhango inoumba mutsindo unobata madziro paBermondsey Station, London Underground.

3. Mhedziso
Kuwanikwa kwefuro realuminium kunoonekwa sekubudirira kunoshamisa.Aluminium foamzvinhu zvinosanganisa akanakisa emagetsi ekudzivirira zvivakwa, huremu huremu, kuderera kwehuremu, vibration damping uye simba rekutora zvivakwa, izvo zvinoita kuti zvishande zvakanyanya mumaindasitiri akasiyana nhasi. Sezvineiwo, aluminium foam zvakare chigadzirwa chine hushamwari chinogona kudzokororwa, zvichireva kuti chinhu chakasimba chinozoshandiswa muhuwandu hukuru hwekushandisa mumaindasitiri mune ramangwana.