Metal foam: Chinhu chitsva chesimbi chine “simba” uye “chikareruka”.

Metal foam ine yakasarudzika dhizaini, ichibatanidza maitiro esimbi uye inoshanda zvinhu zveporous zvinhu. Metal foam ndeyezvinhu zvinoputika simbi, porosity yemukati inogona kunge yakakwira kusvika 90% kana kupfuura, chimiro chakafanana ne "furo" kana "uchi", ichityora chirevo chechinyakare chechimiro chakaomarara chesimbi, ese simbi "yakasimba" maitiro. uye bubble "chiedza" maitiro, chinhu chitsva chimiro-basa kubatanidzwa kwezvinhu zvesimbi. "Iyo inotyora pfungwa yechinyakare yekumisikidzwa kwesimbi uye ine hunhu hwesimbi uye bubble, inova rudzi rutsva rwesimbi ine chimiro-basa rekubatanidza. Nekuda kwechimiro chayo chakasiyana, furo simbi haingochengete chete conductivity, ductility, weldability uye humwe hunhu hwechigadziko chesimbi, asi zvakare ine inoshanda zvimiro zveporous zvinhu, senge kunyudza simba uye vibration damping, kudzikisa ruzha, electromagnetic kudzivirira, kufema kwemhepo uye kupera kwemvura, izvo zvakwezva kutarisisa kwakapararira mumunda wesainzi yemidziyo kumba nekune dzimwe nyika uye inoshandiswa zvakanyanya muaerospace uye petrochemical. minda.

Nzira huru dzekuisa simbi foam ndeidzi:
(1) Maererano nehukuru hwepore dhayamita uye porosity: pore dhayamita isingasviki 0.3mm, porosity pakati pe45% ne90%, inozivikanwa sesimbi inoputika; uye pore dhayamita ye0.5-6mm, porosity inopfuura 90%, inozivikanwa sesimbi furo;
(2) Maererano nechimiro chepore: yakakamurwa kuva kuburikidza-pore chimiro uye yakavharwa-pore chimiro;
(3) Maererano negadziriro yekugadzirira: yakatanga kugadzirirwa nenzira yekupupa inonzi simbi furo, uye gare gare yakagadzira percolation casting uye dzimwe nzira dzekugadzirira dzinonziwo kufefetedza simbi;
(4) Maererano nemhando yematrix: aluminium foam, nickel foam, foam yemhangura uye zvichingodaro. Kugadzirira maitiro, iyo yechinyakare yekugadzirira nzira yekuwana iyo furo resimbi inonyanya kuomarara isina kurongeka pore chimiro, uye 3D kudhinda kunogona kunyatso kudzora pore chimiro, maererano nekurongeka kupa simba furo resimbi kuti riwedzere mamiriro ekushandisa, senge porous titanium mune zvekurapa, midziyo chaiyo uye mamwe minda yekuzadza furo simbi application gap.

Structural-inoshanda yakabatanidzwa zvinhu, simbi foam application tarisiro yakakura
Metal foam inobatanidza chimiro uye basa: sechinhu chechimiro, furo resimbi rine hunhu hwehuremu huremu uye yakakwirira chaiyo simba; sechinhu chinoshanda, furo resimbi rine zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zvemuviri senge porous, vibration damping, damping, sound-absorbing, soundproofing, heat dissipation, shock absorption, electromagnetic shielding nezvimwe zvakadaro. Nezvimiro zvayo zvakasiyana, furo resimbi rave richishandiswa zvakanyanya muminda yemaindasitiri uye yakakwirira-tech minda:
(1) Ichishandisa huremu hwakareruka uye huremu hwakasimba hwesimba, inoshandiswa kugadzira midziyo yekuyangarara yemvura, midziyo yemitambo (senge sledges, nezvimwewo), uye inoenderana zvikamu zvemotokari dzemuchadenga;
(2) Kushandiswa kweporous, nekugadzirwa kwemakemikari mafirita, kucheneswa kwemvura inoshandiswa mugasification processor, otomatiki refueling yemabhengi emafuta, kushongedza kunonhuhwirira, nezvimwewo;
(3) kushandiswa kwekudonhedza kudonhedza, kunyorovesa kuita, nekugadzirwa kwayo senge buffer, vibration absorber, senge yekumhara giya remuchadenga, elevator transmission security cushion uye akasiyana mabhokisi, kunyanya mabhokisi ekufambisa emhepo, mibhedha yemuchina, mabhesi, zvindori zvekunyorova, zvichingodaro;
(4) Iko kushandiswa kweiyo electromagnetic shielding, kuremerwa uye yakanakisa ruzha kunyura, ruzha rwekuvharidzira zvivakwa, yakashandiswa kugadzira indasitiri yekuvaka inonzwika yekuvharisa mapaneru, zvemagetsi zviridzwa goko uye magetsi ekudzivirira ekamuri chimiro.

Mune chaiwo zvinhu, iyo foam yesimbi inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mualuminium, nickel, mhangura uye alloys ayo, hunhu hukuru hweakasiyana matrix zvinhu uye nzvimbo dzekushandisa dzinosiyana.
(1) Aluminium foam: Seyekutanga kugadzirwa foam metal material, mukana mukuru wealuminium furo uri mukureruka, kupisa kupisa, kuvharisa ruzha, electromagnetic shielding, kunyura kwesimba rinokanganisa, nezvimwewo, iro rinoshandiswa muchikamu chekudzivirira. yezvombo zvinokandwa, ndege uye zvikamu zvadzo zvakadzokororwa, uye inoshandiswawo muminda yemotokari buffer, zvemagetsi uye zvemagetsi vibration damping mudziyo, electromagnetic wave. kudzivirira chivharo chekugovera simba mumhepo, nezvimwe zvakadaro;
(2) Nickel foam: ine yakabatana pore chimiro uye yakakwirira porosity, nickel furo mumhepo yakakwira, nzvimbo yakakwira uye capillary simba, nepo mukurora kwekudzivirira kune zvakakosha, zvinowanzoshandiswa mukugadzira mafirita emvura, catalytic converters, maatomizer uye bhatiri electrode mahwendefa uye kupisa exchangers;
(3) Foam yemhangura: foam yemhangura ine yakanaka yemagetsi conductivity uye ductility, mukugadzirira bhatiri negative electrode (mutakuri) zvinhu, catalyst vatakuri uye electromagnetic ekudzivirira zvinhu uye zvimwe zvinhu zvinogoneka.